Machine eob sawing laths and clapboabds



October 24, 1915.

DRAWING A careful eearch has been made this day for the original drawingor a photolithographic copy of the same,

for the purpose of reproducing the said drawir zg to form a part of thisbook, but at this time nothing can be found from which a reproductioncan be made.

Finis D. Morris,

Chief of Division B.

:r srrs anr are.

E. C. GILMAN, OF GANAAN, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

MACHINE FOR SAWING LATHS AND CLAPBOARDS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIPHALET O. GIL- MAN, of Canaan, in the county ofGrafton, in the State of New Hampshire, have invented a new and usefulMachine for Sawing Lath and Clapboards; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full and exact description, and which, together with theaccompanying drawing and written refer ences, constitute myspecification.

The description is of a small machine, which is in all respectsone-fourth part of the dimensions of a machine, for actual use, and allmeasures expressed in these descriptions refer to the said smallmachine.

The timber of the principal frame isone inch square, in this machine,and the frame to which the driving shaft is attached is 10. inches by7%; inches at the bottom, and 8 inches high to the top of the girt orcappieces (a, a), which extend 1%,; inches beyond the posts (I), 5)toward the attendant of the machine, To the right hand of the attendantand in the same line of the two parts of the frame next to him is afifth post (0) of the same size, and projecting above the upper rt ofthe frame two inches. This fifth part is connected to the corner of theframe next to the right hand of the attendant, by two girts (d, e) 11%inches in length, which makes the front side of the frame to be 23inches. The driving shaft (f) is 7); inches long and inch in diameterand to it is attached the saw (g) and driving pulley Thus far the frameand saw are not difierent from a common circular saw and frame, with theexception of the appendage of the 5th post and the two girts at theright hand of the attendant. The driving shaftv is placed across thecenter of the frame.

To secure a reciprocating or forward and backward motion of the carriageon which the stuff to be sawed is placed, is one of the principalobjects of the machine, and that result is secured in the following manner :To the extreme end of the driving shaft (f) and outside theprincipal frame, opposite the attendant, is a pulley (7c) inch indiameter for sawing clapboards and outside that, one (Z) for sawing lathinch in diameter. On the same shaft between the driving pulley (72 andthe saw (9) and next to the driving pulley, is a pulley 5- inch indiameter designed to; reverse the motion of the carriage in sawinglath,and another (n) next to the saw inch in diameter, both pulleys are incontact; the last is to reverse the motion of the carriage in sawingclapboards. At the right hand corner of the frame on the side oppositethe attendant, and two inches from the inside of the right hand post ofthe principal frame to the center of the bearings, is placed a secondshaft (0, see horizontal section) of the same size of the other, on theupper surface of the lower girt (e) which brings the center of the shaft2% inches from the bottom of theposts. On this shaft close to thebearingsnext the attendant, is a wooden pulley (p) 1% inchesin diameterand two inches long, designed to receive a round belt passing severaltimes around it so that it shall secure it from slipping on the pulley.One end of this round belt passes over a loose pulley attached to theleft end of the gage (s) at the back side of the saw, and is connectedto a slide (t) running in a groove (u) in the movable gage, which lieson the table to gage the thickness of the stuff to be sawed. The otherend of this round belt is attached to a perpendicular pin or knob (c) onwhich is cut a ratchet (10,) into which a dog plays secured by a springso that by turning the pin or knob the sound belt can be tightened orloosened as occasion may require. The carriage on which the stuff to besawed isplaced, passes by the saw, and this motion is secured by a pieceof wood (2) attached to the right hand end of the carriage in. long byinch wide and projecting by the carriage 111; inches. This projectionpasses through a mortise (c) in the slide (7)) and when the round belt(q) draws the slide (t) the carriage is carried to and by the saw bymeans of this piece of wood. The carriage is drawn back by the roundbelt, which is attached to the pin or knob (c) at the right hand end ofthe carriage. This belt also passes over a loose pulley (0) at the righthand end of the carriage. The reciprocating motion of the carriage issecured in the following manner: On the opposite end of the lower shaft(0) and next the bearing, is a gear wheel (cZ) 3 inches in diameter.Into this gear meshes a pinion gear (6) inch in diameter attached toashaft f,) 3 inches long, one end of which has a bearing on the lowerback girt and the other on aprojection attached to the back girt. On theouter end of this short shaft is attached a wooden pulley (g) of twosizes, the less being 3%;

inches and the greater 3%. A belt (7).) passes over this wooden pulleyand onto the pulley (Z) on the driving shaft, projecting without theframe. The pulleys, on both of these shafts, are proportioned to eachother so that a belt of the same size will fit on to each. These outsidepulleys are designed to secure the motion of the carriage toward thesaw. On the same shaft (0) on which the large gear (cl) is placed, and5} inch from it, toward the attendant, is placed a wooden pulley (73) oftwo sizes in all respects like the other wooden pulley (9) last abovedescribed. These pulleys are connected by a belt (Z) with pulleys (m anda) above described situated on the main shaft Both the large gear andthe wooden pulley on the same shaft run loose on the shaft. Between thegear and the wooden pulley is placed a dog (4%) one inch in diameter andinch long. This dog is slipped on to a shaft between the gear and pulleyand can be moved to the right or left by means of a lever (0). On theshaft is a single pinion (or stud 7)) adapted to a groove in the dog,sothat the rotary motion of the shaft will carr the dog with it. Spurs(9, project from each side of the dog, one toward the gear and onetoward the wooden pulley. There are corresponding spurs (r, r)projecting from the gear and from the wooden pulley toward the dog insuch manner, that when the lever is moved to the right it shall fastenthe dog to the gear, in which case the carriage will be driven forward;if the lever be moved in an opposite direction the gear will beliberated and run loose on the shaft, and the dog will become attachedto the wooden pulley and the carriage is drawn back again. Or the dogmay be left in such a position as to be disconnected with the gear orpulley, when the carriage will remain stationary. The apparatus forshifting the dog is composed of a double lever (8') nearly at rightangles, consisting of two legs (14, 0) one of which is 251- inches andthe other 6 inches long, having the fulcrum at the angle. This leverlies horizontally and is secured by a screw to the bottom girt near theright hand post at the corner opposite the attendant. It is adapted to agroove (6) running around the dog, in such manner, that the motion ofthe lever to the right or left will move the dog on the shaft. Thelonger leg (10) of the lever extends in. past the front of the underside of the girt (6) extending from the main frame to the 5th post. Thisgirt is raised one inch higher, than the girt in the main frame, for thepurpose of securing it to that frame by a joint bolt, with greater ease.On to the end, of the projecting part of the long leg (u) of the doublelever, is placed a connecting rod (1)) supzontal longitudinal motion inthe same plane with the front of the machine. This connecting rodextends to the right side of the 5th post, (a) and passes through thebottom part of an upright lever (10) and is loosely fastened by a pin orbolt in such manner as to admit of motion. Two and a half inches abovethis joint is a pin as) passing through the upright lever into the 5thpost, which (pin) is the fulcrum of the upright lever.

On the top of the upper girt, is placed a horizontal iron plate (g twoinches long, extending on each side of the 5th post T} inch, andprojecting beyond the girt toward the attendant, gof an inch. In thecenter of the upright lever and extending a of an inch above and belowthe horizontal plate, is in serted a flat plate (2) of iron andprojecting about of an inch toward the post.

It is now evident that if the upright lever be moved to the right itremoves the dog (11%) to the right, when it will attach itself to thegear (61) and the carriage will move toward the saw, and when we removeit to the left the dog is removed to the left, and becomes attached tothe wooden pulley Us) and the carriage is withdrawn from the saw. Wewill now remove the upright lever so far to the right that the dog shallconnect itself with the gear and mark the point where the iron plate, inthe upright lever 1 intersects the horizontal plate lying on the top ofthe girt, and at that point'should be cut a notch (a?) in the horizontalplate sufficient to receipe the plate in the lever. This notch will holdthe upright lever in place and the dog will remain fast to the gear ((Z)until it is thrown out of the notch by other apparatus to be described.Shift the lever now to the left, until the dog has at tached itself tothe wooden pulley (/c) and note the point as above, and cut a notch (6like the former; and now the motion of the carriage will be from the sawuntil the lever is thrown out of the notch as before. When this lever isperpendicular the carriage will be stationary, though the saw be inmotion. To secure the lever in an upright position a latch or detent (0is attached to the top of the 5th post in such manner that it can fallout from the post at right angles, and drop into a notch (6Z2) at thetop of the lever, when the lever will remain in that position until thelatch be removed. Attached to the upright lever, are two steel springs(f 6 having their fastenings opposite the fulcrum of the lever. hen notcompressed these springs recede from the top of the lever 71 inches.Besides the motion of the upright lever (11)) from right to left, thetop of the lever may be moved out and in sufficient to be fastened inthe notches (a and disengaged from them. A small spring (9 at the bottomcrowds or bears the bottom of the lever out from the post and by thesame force tends to press the top toward the notch. The motion of thelever to the right and left, as well as the mot-ion to disengage it fromthe notches, is secured in the following manner. A small piece of woodor metal (if) 9,- inch square and 18 inches long is placed on the upperedge of the upper girt next the attendant passing over the horizontalplate (y) and let into the 5th post i inch in such manner as to passeasily to the right and left above the horizontal plate and the uppersurface of the girt. At the right hand end of this slide, and attachedto it, and projecting toward the-upright lever is an irregular piece ofbrass or other metal (Z 3%; inches long of the thickness of the slide.This piece of brass lies upon the horizontal iron plate in which thenotches are cut. When the dog is disengaged from the gear and from thewooden pulley, the upright lever will stand in a perpendicularposit-ion, parallel with the 5th post. Vhen the'dog and the uprightlever are in this position the front edge of the brass piece (Z whichrests on the horizontal plate, falls back of the front edge of thehorizontal plate of an inch, so that the perpendicular plate (2) in theupright lever may pass into the notches, in the horizontal plate and thelever become stationary. The center portion of the brass piece,projecting toward the upright lever for the space of 11} inches isstraight. Ateach end of this straight portion of the brass piece,commences inclined planes (h Z gradually projecting toward the uprightlever, at such an angle that in a distance of z}; of an inch, theinclined plane (operating like a camber upon the upright lever,), shallbe sufficient to disengage the latch (0 in the uprightlever fromthenotch (CF) and permit the lateral motion of thelever to the right orleft. If'now the lever be fastened in the right hand notch (M) themotion of the slide (/1 to the left will bring the inclined plane (Z orcamber against the perpendicular iron catch (2) in the lever and throwit out of the notch (a and so of the other notch (5 when the slide ismoved to the right. From the termination of the inclined plane andextending either way to the right and left, the brass is straight forthe distance of gths of an inch, when the brass is turnedtoward thelever at right angles, forming a projection (m of ian inch. Theseprojections (m m are designed to operate upon the springs (f e which areattached to the upright lever. When the slide moves to the right thesquare portion (m of the brass piece, at the corner comes in contactwith the spring (6 on the lever and compresses it one inch toward. thelever, before the inclined plane or camber disengages the lever from thenotch; the force of this spring is then sufficient to throw the lever inan opposite direction and to disengage the dog (m) from the woodenpulley (70) and to attach it to the gear (cZ) and so vice versa. On theupper side of the slide (70 at the left hand end there is placedprojection (0 one inch long and ginch thick, and 12% inches from theinside of that projection begins another projection (79 of the samedimension on the upper side of the slide. A pieceof wood (9 two feetlong inch thick and 1%- wide is placed on the upper girt next theattendant and nearly in contact with the saw. This piece of woodconstitutes a portion of the ways on which the carriage passes. Theother portion of the ways consists of a piece of wood (W) of the samelength and thickness :1: inch wide, and is the portion of the waysnearest the attendant, and :is removed from the first described portionof the ways 1% of an inch. The carriage to run upon these ways, and onwhich the stuff to be sawed-is placed is described as follows, viz:

in length is lat-Z; by 2% inches and inch thick. The head block (8 atthe left hand end is 2%,; inches long, inch wide and inch thick. Theright hand head block (2*) 1% inches wide, 27:- inches long and inchthick. Attached to the right hand head block and extending to the righthand edge of the can riage 1s a piece of wood (Z as before de-.

scribed) inch thick and 4:1}: inches long and inch wide extending acrossthe end of the carriage and 1% inches beyond and passingthrough theslide in the gage, by means of which (piece of wood) the carriage iscarried toward the saw. At the lower edge of the carriage next theattendant extends a lip (0 3; inch square, from end to end of thecarriage. This lip drops below the upper surface of the portion of thecarriage ways next the attendant of an inch. Between this lip and theattendant passes a piece of wood (10 of the thickness and length of theways, 9; inch wide and inch from the nether portion of the ways, thusmaking a groove (a sufficient to admit th lip of the carriage to passin. The purpose of the lip and groove is to keep the carriage in place.The slide (72?) to which is attached the piece of brass (i moves incontact with the first described port-ion of the waysyat the end only,the intermediate portion being cut away to the extent of of an inch toform a groove to admit the lip (d of a camber (e projecting from theunder side of the carriage to pass bet-ween the slide and the firstdescribed portion (9 of the ways. This camber is 171 inches long byginch wide. The lip (6Z3) of the camber projects inch beyond the mainportion of it. This camber is placed 1.; inches from the right hand endof the carriage, extending 11} inches to the left. It must be placed insuch a position that the lip may pass in the groove (0 In this positionit will be evident, that when the carriage (i) has moved by the saw (g)till the lip (d of the camber on the under side of the carriage comes incontact with the camber (f at the left hand end of the slide it willcarry the slide with it until it brings the inclined plane (1 on thebrass piece at the right hand end of the slide against the perpendicularlatch (2) in the upright lever (w) when the dog (m) is disengaged fromthe gear (01) and the motion of the carriage is reversed, and moves tothe right till the lip (d and the camber (6 comes in contact with thecamber (or projection 72 at the right hand end of the slide (if) and theinclined plane on the brass piece ('6 again disengages the upright lever(w) from the notch (6 and the dog is again attachedto the gear (d) andthe carriage is again moved to the saw.

The gage (7.0 to regulate the thickness of the stuff to be sawed, isdescribed as follows: The piece (8) passing by the saw is 26 inches longand is composed of two pieces of wood having a longitudinal groove (70passing from end to end inch wide and deep. These two pieces areseparated of an inch by pieces of wood ;1 of an inch thick. so as topermit the slide (t) to pass in the groove to an extent equal to themotion of the carriage. The length of the slide is 8 inches, and at theleft hand end the round belt is attached, which is passed several timesaround the wooden pulley (p) 1%; inches in diameter on which the largegear ((Z) is attached.

The gage if) is fastened to the table back of the saw, y hand screws (1'T in the usual way. At the right hand end of the slide is attached a dog(8 to hold the stuff in place while sawing lath.

For the purpose of sawing clapboards or other timber beveling or thickerat one edge, than the other, the following apparatus is required: On thetop of the gage at a point near the saw is attached an iron (29)projecting toward the attendant of an inch, and at the right hand endanother similar piece (u At the end of each of these pieces and pointinginward is a spur or central (42 on which is suspendedthe movable gage('w described as follows: Its length is 15-}- inches its width 19;- andit is inch thick. It is made with a groove (00 to correspond with thegroove in the principal gage (s) and to permit the crosspiece at theright hand end of the carriage to pass through the end of the slide (25)which moves in the principal gage. This movable gage is thus suspendedat the ends on the spurs or centers. Back of this movable gage at eachend above and below is attached to the principal gage a support (2 whichextends upward so as to prevent the movable gage from being moved overor under the desired point of inclination. At the right hand side, ofeach of the three girts or supports, \VhlCll GXtGI'lCl from the uppergirt toward the attendant are suspended by hinges 3 levers (a b, 0 ofthe following form. They are each 4L inches long, and 1* of an inchthick; at the top they are 1 inch wide, and at the bottom 2 inch. Thesethree levers are connected at the bottom by a piece of wood (61*) of aninch square. Upon the tops of these 3 levers the nether portion of thecarriage way is placed, a pin (6 tightly fastened into the way, passingloosely into the upper ends of the levers. If now these levers are leftto hang perpendicularly by the sides of the girts to which they shouldbe secured by the hinges, at their left hand upper ends the upper endswill be in aline with the upperv surfaces of the girts, andthe netherportion of the carriage way will support the carriage at right angleswith the saw, and whatever shall be sawed will be square. levers aremoved to the right the nether part of the carriage way is raised andwith it the carriage to any desired point of inclination. Thislateralmotion of the levers is secured in the following manner, 5!; inches fromthe left side of the 5th post a stud f 1 inch wide and of an inch thickis attached to the upper and lower girts in a perpendicular position. Alever (9 attached to the bottom of the stud (7) on the front side, atthe left hand edge and extending upward to the bottom of the carriage isconnected by a wire (72- to the bottom of the middle lever (5 If now thetop of the lever (9 be moved to the right, it draws with it all thelevers, (a 62-0 they being connected by the bottom piece (6Z into whichall 3 are inserted. On the right hand edge of the stud (f and two inchesabove the upper surface of the lower girt, A pin (70*) projects at rightangles with the stud toward the attendant. This pin passes through it alever (Z inserted into the piece (0%) connecting. the three leverstogether, and this lever also passes upward to the bottom of thecarriage, and is an antagonist to the lever (9 last before described.These levers (g 1*) are thus connected together, in such manner, thatthe motion of either to the right or left, will operate upon the threelevers (a b 0 connected by the connecting rod (d and will in that mannerraise or depress the nether carriage-way and with it the carriage. Thetops of the two last described levers (g Z) are i of an inch square andpass up through a flooring (m which is extended between the three girts,a little below their upper surfaces. The floor is cut away sufficient topermit the levers to move to the right or left 1%,; inches. This willleave 1} If the bottom of the 7 inchof the floor to intervene betweenthe inner surfaces of the levers, the entire space being the distancebetwen the opposite edge of the nether carriage Way and the movable side(72. to which the brass piece (2' is attached at the right hand, restingon the horizontal plate (1)). Between the tops of these last describedlevers (9*, Z is placed a horizontal lever 6 inches long, of thefollowing form and description at the right hand end,.it is 3 of an inchthick and at the widest place is inch wide, whence it gradually recedesby inclined planes, (0* 0) on both sides to the extent of one inch, atwhich point the lever is secured by a pin, or pivot 9 passingperpendicularly through the lever to the floor (m beneath. This leverretains the same thickness i of an inch past the pivot, being at thatpoint i of an inch wide and 3 of an inch thick. From this point thelever'is reduced to g, of an inch in thickness, and tapers to a point.This form of the lever will permit the left hand point toward theattendant to move in an horizontal position till it comes in contactwith the nether carriage way, or in an opposite direction till it comesin contact with the movable slide (71?) on which the brass piece isattached. This motion is secured by the action of the tops of the levers(g l) passing alternately on the inclined plane to the right hand of thepivot. These upright levers moving, the one on the nether and the otheron the farther side of this portion of the horizontal lever, secure thislateral motion of the horizontal lever. The purpose of this lateralmotion, is to guide a set or pointer (q hereinafter described attachedto the bottom of the car'- riage in such manner, that the backwardmotion of the set or pointer which is carried by the carriage shall,alternately carry back the top of each of the levers and thusalternately raise and depress the side of the carriage next to theattendant. Thus the motion of the front edge of the carriage up and downwill bring the stuff to be sawed in such a position, that the upper andlower edge of the board will be alternately thick or thin.

The set or pointer (9 used to drive the top of the levers back isdescribed as follows: Attached to the under side of the carriage in sucha position as to be over and at the left of the horizontal lever (41 isa piece of wood (9*) 6 inches long and i of an inch square or a littleless. A little to the left of the center of the carriage and over thespace occupied by the horizontal lever this piece of wood is secured ina mortise (s and fastened by a pin (6 loosely fitted in such manner thatthe right hand end may move to and from the attendant to the extent of1- of an inch and may drop of an inch from the under surface of thecarriage. WVhen the carriage is in motion the right hand end of this setor pointer will move on the floor. The right and left motion of thehorizontal lever will guide it alternately to the top of one lever (9 orthe other (Z lVhen the lever next the attendant is driven to the right,the left hand end of the hori- Zontal lever is pointed toward theattendant and the set or pointer returns, being drawn over the thin partof the horizontal lever and on its return, it drives back the otherupright lever, and the horizontal one points in a direction from theattendant, in which case the nether portion of the carriage wayv iselevated. To secure the upright lever next the attendant in place, andalso to prevent the carriage, which lies on the nether part of the waysfrom acting on the 3 upright levers (a b 0*) a spring (a is attached tothe floor (m) in such a manner and of such a form, that the antagonistlever next the attendant shall be secured in place till the set orpointer shall return and crowd back the spring and the top of the lever.To guide and conduct the stufi after it has passed the saw until itshall fall off the table, a guard (01*) should be attached to the gage(8), extending over the center of the saw. This will prevent the stufffrom being thrown back to the danger and inconvenience of the attendant.About one inch back of the saw a perpendicular iron plate (712) twoinches high should be erected in the same plane of the saw to preventthe stuff from coming in contact with the saw after it has passed it.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of mechanism which acts insuch manner as to connect the dog (m) alternately with the gear ((Z) andthe wooden pulley (70), as described in these specifications.

2. I also claim as my invention the combination of mechanism forelevating the side of the carriage, next the attendant; in such manner,as to secure the proper degree of bevel for the stuff to be sawed, thesame being effected by means of the three levers (a b 0 suspended byhinges andthe two uprights antagonist levers Z*) and the connectionbetween them and also the combination between these and the horizontallever, etc. as described in these specifications.

E. E. GILMAN.

W/Vitnesses R. H. EDDY, JOHN NOBLE.

